What is the purpose of soil compaction in construction?

• A. To enhance soil fertility
• B. To increase the density of soil, improving its load-bearing capacity and reducing settlement
• C. To assist in landscaping efforts
• D. To control site drainage

Answer: (B)

Soil compaction plays a critical role in construction by increasing the density of the soil, which significantly enhances its load-bearing capacity. When soil particles are compacted, the air voids between them are minimized, leading to a denser material. This increased density enables the soil to support more weight and reduces the chances of excessive settlement over time, which can lead to structural issues in buildings and pavements.

Improving load-bearing capacity is crucial, especially when constructing foundations, roads, and other structures. Compacted soil provides a stable base that can withstand the stresses imposed by the structures built on it. Additionally, effective compaction reduces the likelihood of future shifts or settling, which can degrade the integrity of the construction.

While soil fertility, landscaping, and drainage are important considerations in construction and site development, they do not directly relate to the primary engineering goal of soil compaction. The main focus is on enhancing the physical properties of the soil to support construction activities and ensure long-lasting stability.