What is the primary purpose of a detention pond's dead storage?

• A. To capture and store excess sediment
• B. To manage and control stormwater runoff
• C. To provide aquatic habitat
• D. To reduce evaporation rates

Answer: (B)

The primary purpose of a detention pond's dead storage is to manage and control stormwater runoff. Dead storage refers to the portion of the pond that holds water permanently, regardless of rainfall events. This storage area provides crucial capacity for managing runoff by allowing for the gradual release of stormwater. During a storm, excess water flows into the pond and is temporarily stored, reducing the peak flow rate that would otherwise enter downstream watercourses. This controlled release helps prevent flooding and minimizes erosion in the surrounding areas.

While other functions, such as sediment capture, providing aquatic habitats, and reducing evaporation, may also be attributes of a detention pond to varying degrees, these are not the primary intended functions of the dead storage aspect. The central aim is stormwater management, which underpins the design and operation of detention facilities within urban planning and environmental engineering practices.