What factors are considered in pavement design?

• A. Local climate, aesthetics, and construction materials
• B. Traffic loads, material properties, drainage, and subgrade support
• C. Only the load-bearing properties of the soil
• D. Cost analysis and project timelines

Answer: (B)

Pavement design involves a comprehensive analysis of multiple factors that directly impact the performance and longevity of the pavement structure. The selection of traffic loads, material properties, drainage, and subgrade support is critical because each of these elements plays a vital role in ensuring that the pavement can adequately support the expected loads over its intended lifespan.

Traffic loads are essential to consider because they determine the stress and strain the pavement will experience. This includes understanding the types of vehicles that will use the pavement, their weight, and how traffic patterns may change over time. Material properties relate to the strength, durability, and elasticity of both the pavement materials and the underlying subgrade. The choice of materials can affect the pavement's ability to resist deformation, cracking, and other forms of distress.

Drainage is crucial as well; improper drainage can lead to water infiltration and damage. Effective drainage helps to maintain the integrity of the pavement by preventing issues such as frost heave and erosion. Finally, subgrade support concerns the underlying soil, which provides a foundation for the pavement. A strong and stable subgrade can distribute loads more effectively and mitigate distresses in the pavement structure.

The other options may touch on relevant topics but do not encompass the comprehensive factors critical to effective pavement design. Local